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Paper
No. (8)
The international environmental policy form Stockholm
1972 to Rio 1992, and agenda 21
This paper describes and analyzes a book entitled
"The International Environmental Policy" by Dr. Jassem
Al-Hasan. This book examines the status of global environment,
following the UN Environment and Development Conference
in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) in 1992, and concentrates on
means to save the globe, and the different viewpoints
of the various countries towards this process.
Chapter (1) of the book talks about internationalizing
the Environment Program, and focuses on two very important
events in this process: The UN Human Environment Conference
(Stockholm 1972) and the UN Environment and Development
Conference (Rio de Janeiro 1992).
Chapters (2) and (3) examine the extensive Program of
Environmental Problems: Chapter (2) deals with what is
known as the Stockholm Program, while Chapter (3) is concerned
with the Rio de Janeiro Program which comprises the "Earth
Program".
As for Chapter (4), (5) and (6) of this book, these are
dedicated to the aspects, means and ways of the on-going
dialogue regarding general environmental management. Chapter
(4) examines the Environmental Organizations that are
currently operational, in terms of their effectiveness,
or the extent of international cooperation of the powerful
nations. While Chapter (5) is concerned with the role
of NGOs in environmental management, and Chapter (6) discusses
environmental revitalization particularly the impact of
environmental deterioration on women, and on the people
who are inseparable from their lands. Chapter (7) and
(8) discuss the economic aspect of environmental management,
and the relationship between administrative organizational
structures and the methods of global economy, including
Trade and Development, in addition to the complexities
of environmental destruction and the subsequent problems.
Chapter (7) specifically discusses the conflicts between
rich countries and under-developed one, while Chapter
(8) is dedicated to discussing the strategies employed
to explain and attain a sustainable environment.
As for Chapter (9), this touches on the "interests of
environmental security", a widely used expression that
emerged following the Rio Conference, and which is tantamount
to the sustainable development process.
Finally, Chapter (10) talks about the prioritizing of
the means of development, in light of the controversy
between those who believe in development by analysis,
and those who believe in harsh criticism as a method of
achieving development.
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